Getting Started
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- HOW DO I KNOW IF I'M READY TO BUY A HOME?
You can find out by asking yourself some questions:
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Do
I have a steady source of income?
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Have
I been employed on a regular basis for the last 2-3 years?
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Is
my current income reliable?
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Do
I have a good record of paying my bills?
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Do
I have few outstanding long-term debts, like car payments?
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Do
I have money saved for a down payment?
- Do
I have the ability to pay a mortgage every month, plus additional costs?
If you can answer "yes" to these questions, you are probably ready to
buy your own home.
- HOW DOES PURCHASING A HOME COMPARE WITH RENTING?
The
two really don't compare at all. The one advantage of renting is being
generally free of most maintenance responsibilities. But by renting, you lose
the chance to build equity, take advantage of tax benefits, and protect
yourself against rent increases. Also, you may not be free to decorate without
permission.
Owning
a home has many benefits. When you make a mortgage payment, you are building
equity. And that's an investment. Owning a home also qualifies you for tax
breaks that assist you in dealing with your new financial responsibilities --
like insurance, real estate taxes, and upkeep -- which can be substantial. But
given the freedom, stability, and security of owning your own home, they are
worth it.
- HOW DO I BEGIN THE PROCESS OF BUYING A HOME?
Once you have decided that you are ready to purchase a new
home, Southern Homes is ready to help.
We understand that this is perhaps the most important purchase of your
life, so we want to make it as easy as possible for you. The best place to start is right here, the Southern
Homes website. First, look over our
current neighborhoods. Which community best fits your needs? Think about your daily routine and imagine
yourself living in that area. Some
helpful things to think about are school districts, access to shopping and
highways, commute time to work, proximity to friends and family. Now look over the designs
we offer. Your home should fit the way you live, with spaces and
features that appeal to the whole family.
How much living space do you need?
How many bedrooms do you need?
Which floor plan is most appealing to you? These are some basic questions to help you get started. Southern Homes provides a variety of options
in each home, from different elevations to brick color and covered patios. You will have plenty of time to make these
decisions later. Once you have
completed this step, it is time to visit us.
You can call or drop by one of the neighborhood
sales offices anytime during regular business
hours.
- HOW DO I SELECT THE RIGHT REAL ESTATE AGENT?
Selecting a real estate agent who is able to listen to
your needs is extremely important.
Since you already have a lot to think about, and our goal is to make
this process as easy as possible for you, we have sales associates in each neighborhood who work full time to assist you. Because they only sell homes built by
Southern Homes, they have an in depth knowledge of the differences between each
community and how each home best suits a buyer’s specific needs. However, Southern Homes welcomes real estate
agents from any agency. If you chose to
use an agent from another agency be sure to select someone who makes you feel
comfortable and can provide all the knowledge and services you need. Anyone may visit our sales office without an
agent. However, if you decide to
utilize the services of an outside agency, please have them accompany you to
our sales office.
- HOW CAN I FIND OUT ABOUT LOCAL SCHOOLS?
Our
sales associates can provide you with information about the local schools for
each neighborhood. Our website also has
links and contact information for local school boards and school web pages. Simply click on the “neighborhood
information” link for each Southern Homes neighborhood.
- HOW CAN I FIND OUT ABOUT COMMUNITY RESOURCES?
Contact
the local Chamber of Commerce for promotional literature or talk to your
Southern Homes sales associate about welcome kits, maps, and other information.
You may also want to visit the local library. It can be an excellent source for
information on local events and resources, and the librarians will probably be
able to answer many of the questions you have.
- HOW CAN I FIND OUT HOW MUCH HOMES ARE SELLING FOR IN CERTAIN
NEIGHBORHOODS?
Base prices for each home are listed under the specific neighborhood that you are interested in. Your Southern Homes sales associate can also
provide you with a current base price list.
Of course the total price will depend on the lot and options you select.
- HOW CAN I FIND INFORMATION ON THE PROPERTY TAX LIABILITY?
Property
taxes for the first year will be minimal, since you are only assessed on the
unimproved land. However, your taxes
will increase for the second year once your new home is included in the
assessment. You can contact your local
tax assessor's office for more information.
- WHAT OTHER TAX ISSUES SHOULD I TAKE INTO CONSIDERATION?
Keep
in mind that your mortgage interest and real estate taxes are deductible. Your
Southern Homes sales associate can give you more details on other tax benefits
and liabilities.
- WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF PURCHASING A NEW HOME?
Although
older homes may be in more established neighborhoods and have lower property
tax rates, they tend to require more maintenance and repair. A home built by Southern Homes provides the
latest in building technology such as structured wiring, engineered framing,
and energy efficient systems.
- WHAT SHOULD I LOOK FOR WHEN WALKING THROUGH A HOME?
When
walking through homes, try to picture yourself living there. Below are some things to think about.
-
Is
there enough room for both the present and the future?
- Are
there enough bedrooms and bathrooms?
- Is
the yard big enough?
- Do
you like the floor plan?
- Will
your furniture fit in the space? (Bring a tape measure.)
- Is
there enough storage space?
- Imagine
the house in good weather and bad, and in each season. Will you be happy with
it year 'round?
- What
options are available for each home?
Take
your time and think carefully about each home you see. Ask your Southern Homes
sales associate to point out the pros and cons of each home from a professional
standpoint.
- WHAT QUESTIONS SHOULD I
ASK WHEN LOOKING AT HOMES?
Many
of your questions should focus on the differences between the types of homes
and options available. Also ask about the neighborhood, focusing on quality of
life issues. You might want to ask what things require ongoing maintenance
(e.g., paint, roof, HVAC, appliances, carpet)?
However, keep in mind, that once you decide to purchase a home from
Southern Homes, we will provide you with detailed information on caring for
your new home. Be sure the sales
associate’s answers are clear and complete. Ask questions until you understand
all of the information they've given. Remember, our goal is to assist you in making
this process as easy as possible. Creating
a list of questions ahead of time will help you organize your thoughts and
arrange all of the information you receive.
- HOW CAN I KEEP TRACK OF ALL THE INFORMATION?
We
understand that choosing a new home means making a lot of decisions. Sometimes
the amount of choices and information presented to you can seem
overwhelming. This is why we try to put
as much information on our website as possible. It allows you to look at a home as many times as you want, from
the convenience of your current residence.
Your Southern Homes sales associate will also be able to provide you
with written information, such as floor plans and available options. Don't hesitate to return for a second look
and ask as many questions as you need.
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First Steps
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WHAT STEPS NEED TO BE TAKEN TO SECURE A LOAN?
The first step in securing a loan is to complete a loan application. Your sales agent and mortgage company will assist you with this process. Typically you will need the following information.
- Pay stubs for the past 2-3 months
- W-2 forms for the past 2 years
- Information on long-term debts
- Recent bank statements
- Tax returns for the past 2 years
- Proof of any other income
- Address and description of the property you wish to buy
- Sales contract
During the application process, the lender will order a report on your credit history and a professional appraisal of the property you want to purchase. The application process typically takes between 1-3 weeks.
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HOW DO I CHOOSE THE RIGHT LENDER FOR ME?
Southern Homes has developed working relationships with a number of well-established lenders. As a result of this relationship, our preferred lenders are able to offer Southern Homes’ buyers significant reductions on closing costs. Further, these preferred lenders can assure our buyers that once approved, the lending and closing process will go smoothly. For more information on Southern Homes’ preferred lenders, ask your Southern Homes sales associate.
- HOW ARE PRE-QUALIFYING AND PRE-APPROVAL DIFFERENT?
Pre-qualification
is an informal way to see how much you maybe able to borrow. You can be
'pre-qualified' over the phone with no paperwork by telling a lender your
income, your long-term debts, and how large a down payment you can afford.
Without any obligation, this helps you arrive at a ballpark figure of the
amount you may have available to spend on a house.
Pre-approval
is a lender's actual commitment to lend to you. It involves assembling the
financial records mentioned in Question 37 (Without the property description
and sales contract) and going through a preliminary approval process.
Pre-approval gives you a definite idea of what you can afford and shows sellers
that you are serious about buying.
- HOW CAN I FIND OUT INFORMATION ABOUT MY CREDIT HISTORY?
There
are three major credit reporting companies: Equifax, Experian, and Trans Union.
Obtaining your credit report is as easy as calling and requesting one. Once you
receive the report, it's important to verify its accuracy. Double check the
"high credit limit", "total loan", and "past due" columns.
It's a good idea to get copies from all three companies to assure there are no
mistakes since any of the three could be providing a report to your lender.
Fees, ranging from $5-$25, are usually charged to issue credit reports but some
states permit citizens to acquire a free one. Contact the reporting companies
at the numbers listed for more information.
CREDIT REPORTING COMPANIES
Company
Name Phone Number
Experian 1-888-397-3742
Equifax 1-800-685-1111
Trans Union 1-800-916-8800
- WHAT IF I FIND A MISTAKE IN MY CREDIT HISTORY?
Simple
mistakes are easily corrected by writing to the reporting company, pointing out
the error, and providing proof of the mistake. You can also request to have
your own comments added to explain problems. For example, if you made a payment
late due to illness, explain that for the record. Lenders are usually
understanding about legitimate problems.
- WHAT IS A CREDIT BUREAU SCORE AND HOW DO LENDERS USE THEM?
A
credit bureau score is a number, based upon your credit history that
represents the possibility that you will be able to repay a loan. Lenders use
it to determine your ability to qualify for a mortgage loan. The better the
score, the better your chances are of getting a loan. Ask your lender for
details.
- HOW CAN I IMPROVE MY SCORE?
There
are no easy ways to improve your credit score, but you can work to keep it
acceptable by maintaining a good credit history. This means paying your bills
on time and not overextending yourself by buying more than you can afford.
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Closing
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- WHAT HAPPENS AFTER I'VE APPLIED FOR MY LOAN?
It
usually takes a lender between 1-6 weeks to complete the evaluation of your
application. Its not unusual for the lender to ask for more information once
the application has been submitted. The sooner you can provide the information,
the faster your application will be processed. Once all the information has
been verified the lender will call you to let you know the outcome of your
application. If the loan is approved, the lender will review the closing with
you. And after closing, you'll be able to move into your new home.
- WHAT IS THE FINAL WALK-THROUGH?
This
will likely be the first opportunity to examine your new home without
furniture, giving you a clear view of everything. At this time the builder and
sales agent will introduce you to certain aspects of your new home and point
out important maintenance issues.
Southern Homes prides itself on quality construction. However, there is no such thing as a perfect
house. During the final walk you might notice small imperfections. Please notify the builder and sales agent so
that we can correct any issues immediately.
- WHAT MAKES UP CLOSING COSTS?
There
may be closing costs customary or unique to a certain locality, but closing
cost are usually made up of the following:
-
Attorney's
or escrow fees (Yours and your lender's if applicable)
- Property
taxes (to cover tax period to date)
- Interest
(paid from date of closing to 30 days before first monthly payment)
- Loan
Origination fee (covers lenders administrative cost, if any)
- Recording
fees
- First
premium of mortgage Insurance (if applicable)
- Title
Insurance (yours and lender's)
- Loan
discount points (if any)
- First
payment to escrow account for future real estate taxes and insurance
- Paid
receipt for homeowner's insurance policy (and fire and flood insurance if
applicable)
- Any
documentation preparation fees
- WHAT CAN I EXPECT TO HAPPEN ON CLOSING DAY?
You'll
present your paid homeowner's insurance policy or a binder and receipt showing
that the premium has been paid. The closing agent will then list the money you
owe Southern Homes (remainder of down payment, prepaid taxes, etc.). Once you're sure you understand all the
documentation, you'll sign the mortgage, agreeing that if you don't make payments
the lender is entitled to sell your property and apply the sale price against
the amount you owe plus expenses. You'll also sign a mortgage note, promising
to repay the loan. Southern Homes will give you the title to the house in the
form of a signed deed. You'll pay the
closing agent all closing costs and, in turn, he or she will provide you with a
settlement statement of all the items for which you have paid. The deed and
mortgage will then be recorded in the parish or county Registry of Deeds, and
you will be a homeowner.
- WHAT DO I GET AT CLOSING?
-
Settlement
Statement, HUD-1 Form (itemizes services provided and the fees charged; it is
filled out by the closing agent and must be given to you at or before closing)
- Truth-in-Lending
Statement
- Mortgage
Note
- Mortgage
or Deed of Trust
- Keys
to your new home
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You've Found It!
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- WHAT DO I DO ONCE I FOUND MY DREAM HOME?
Once you have
decided to purchase a home from Southern Homes, you are required to put down a
good faith deposit ranging from $1000 - $5000.
This deposit is credited back to you at closing. Your Southern Homes
sales associate will then guide you through the buying process, which includes
selecting options for your new home and securing a loan.
- WHAT DOES A HOME INSPECTOR DO?
An
inspector checks the safety of your potential new home. Home Inspectors focus
especially on the structure, construction, and mechanical systems of the
house. The Inspector does not evaluate
whether or not you're getting good value for your money. Generally, an
inspector checks the electrical system, plumbing and waste disposal, the water
heater, insulation and Ventilation, the HVAC system, water source and quality,
the potential presence of pests, the foundation, doors, windows, ceilings,
walls, floors, and roof. Each home
built by Southern Homes is required to pass a number of inspections during
specific phases of construction and then upon completion of your home. These inspections are conducted by outside
agencies, such as the city, county, or parish.
In light of this extensive inspection process, typically buyers do not
hire their own home inspector for new construction. This is more common when buying an older home. However, you are welcome to hire your own
home inspector if you so choose.
- CAN I VISIT MY HOME WHILE IT IS UNDER CONSTRUCTION?
Yes, but remember
that construction sites are dangerous.
Because we do not want you to get hurt, we ask that you only visit your
home while accompanied by a Southern Homes employee and that you where
appropriate safety gear, such as a hard hat and safety goggles. In addition to visits that you schedule, as
part of the construction process, we require two meetings prior to the sale of
your new home. This allows us to introduce you to certain aspects of your new
home, and it provides you an opportunity to ask any questions you might have. The first meeting or “walk-through” takes
place once the frame is complete and the roof has been installed, prior to any
insulation or sheetrock. The second
walk takes place at the completion of your home. Your agent will provide you with more information about what you
can expect during these walks.
- DO I REALLY NEED HOMEOWNER'S INSURANCE?
Yes.
A paid homeowner's insurance policy (or a paid receipt for one) is required at
closing, so arrangements will have to be made prior to that day. Plus, involving
the insurance agent early in the home buying process can save you money.
Insurance agents are a great resource for information on home safety and they
can give tips on how to keep insurance premiums low.
- DO I NEED FLOOD INSURANCE?
Your
Southern Homes sales associate or lender can help you answer this question. If
you live in a flood plain, the lender will require that you have flood
insurance before lending any money to you. But if you live near a flood plain,
you may choose whether or not to get flood insurance coverage for your home.
Work with an insurance agent to construct a policy that fits your needs.
- WHAT STEPS COULD I TAKE TO LOWER MY HOMEOWNER'S INSURANCE COSTS?
Be sure to shop around among several insurance companies.
Also, consider the cost of insurance when you look at homes. Newer homes and
homes constructed with materials like brick tend to have lower premiums. Choose a home with a fire hydrant or a fire
department nearby. Other ways to lower insurance costs include insuring your home
and car(s) with the same company, increasing home security, and seeking group
coverage through alumni or business associations. Insurance costs are always
lowered by raising your deductibles, but this exposes you to a higher
out-of-pocket cost if you have to file a claim.
- DOES MY NEW HOME COME WITH A WARRANTY?
Yes. Southern Homes is proud to be a 2-10 Diamond
Builder, which means we offer the best in home warranty services provided by
2-10 Home Buyer’s Warranty. This allows
us to warranty the systems in your home for 2 years and the structures for 10
years. For more information you can
visit the 2-10 website. Once you decide to purchase a home, we will
provide you with a homeowner's manual, which outlines the specifics of our
warranty policy. Your sales agent will
also be able to answer questions about the warranty for your new home.
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General Financing Questions - The Basics
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- WHAT IS A MORTGAGE?
Generally
speaking, a mortgage is a loan obtained to purchase real estate. The
"mortgage" itself is a lien (a legal claim) on the home or property
that secures the promise to pay the debt. All mortgages have two features in
common: principal and interest.
- HOW DOES THE LENDER DECIDE THE MAXIMUM LOAN AMOUNT THAT I CAN
AFFORD?
The
lender considers your debt-to-income ratio, which is a comparison of your gross
(pre-tax) income to housing and non-housing expenses. Non-housing expenses
include such long-term debts as car or student loan payments, alimony, or child
support. According to the FHA, monthly mortgage payments should be no more than
29% of gross income, while the mortgage payment, combined with non-housing
expenses should total no more than 41% of income. The lender also considers
cash available for down payment and closing costs, credit history, etc. when
determining your maximum loan amount.
- WHAT IS A LOAN TO VALUE RATIO (LTV)? HOW DOES IT DETERMINE THE SIZE OF ME LOAN?
The
loan to value ratio is the amount of money you borrow compared with the price
or appraised value of the home you are purchasing. Each loan has a specific LTV
limit. For example: With a 95% LTV loan on a home priced at $50,000, you could
borrow up to $47,500 (95% of $50,000) and would have to pay $2,500 as a down
payment. The LTV ratio reflects the
amount of equity borrowers have in their homes. The higher the LTV the less
cash homebuyers are required to pay out of their own funds. So, to protect
lenders against potential loss in case of default, higher LTV loans (80% or
more) usually require a mortgage insurance policy.
- WHAT TYPES OF LOANS ARE AVAILABLE AND WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF
EACH?
Fixed Rate Mortgages:
Payments remain the same for the life of the loan.
Types:
Advantages:
-
Predictable
- Housing
cost remains unaffected by interest rate changes and inflation.
Adjustable Rate Mortgages (ARMS):
Payments increase or decrease on a regular schedule with changes in interest
rates; increases subject to limits.
Types:
Balloon
Mortgage: Offers very low rates for an initial period of time (usually 5, 7,
or 10 years); when time has elapsed, the balance is due or refinanced (though
not automatically).
Two-Step
Mortgage: Interest rate adjusts only once and remains the same for the life of
the loan
Advantages:
-
Generally
offer lower initial interest rates
- Monthly
payments can be lower
- May
allow borrower to qualify for a larger loan amount
- WHEN DO ARMS MAKE SENSE?
An
ARM may make sense if you are confident that your income will increase steadily
over the years or if you anticipate a move in the near future and aren't
concerned about potential increases in interest rates.
- WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF 15 AND 30 YEAR LOAN TERMS?
30
Year:
-
In
the first 23 years of the loan, more interest is paid than principal, meaning
larger tax deductions.
- As
inflation and costs of living increase, mortgage payments become a smaller part
of overall expenses.
15
year:
-
Loan
is usually made at a lower interest rate.
- Equity
is built faster because payments pay more principal.
- CAN I PAY OFF MY LOAN AHEAD OF SCHEDULE?
Yes.
By sending in extra money each month or making an extra payment at the end of
the year, you can accelerate the process of paying off the loan. When you send
extra money, be sure to indicate that the excess payment is to be applied to
the principal. Most lenders allow loan prepayment, though you may have to pay a
prepayment penalty to do so. Ask your lender for details.
- ARE THERE SPECIAL MORTGAGES FOR FIRST-TIME HOMEBUYERS?
Yes.
Lenders now offer several affordable mortgage options, which can help
first-time homebuyers overcome obstacles that made purchasing a home difficult
in the past. Lenders may now be able to help borrowers who don't have a lot of
money saved for the down payment and closing costs, have no credit history or a
poor credit history, have quite a bit of long-term debt, or have experienced
income irregularities.
- HOW LARGE OF A DOWN PAYMENT DO I NEED?
There
are mortgage options now available that only require a down payment of 5% or
less of the purchase price. But the larger the down payment, the less you have
to borrow, and the more equity you'll have. Mortgages with less than a 20% down
payment generally require a mortgage insurance policy to secure the loan. When
considering the size of your down payment, consider that you'll also need money
for closing costs, moving expenses, and decorating.
- WHAT IS INCLUDED IN A MONTHLY MORTGAGE PAYMENT?
The
monthly mortgage payment mainly includes principal and interest. But most
lenders also include local real estate taxes, homeowner's insurance, and
mortgage insurance (if applicable) (see #36).
- WHAT FACTORS AFFECT MORTGAGE PAYMENTS?
The
amount of the down payment, the size of the mortgage loan, the interest rate,
the length of the repayment term and payment schedule will all affect the size
of your mortgage payment.
- HOW DOES THE INTEREST RATE FACTOR IN SECURING A MORTGAGE LOAN?
A
lower interest rate allows you to borrow more money than a high rate with the
same monthly payment. Interest rates can fluctuate as you shop for a loan, so
ask lenders if they offer a rate "lock-in" which guarantees a
specific interest rate for a certain period of time. Remember that a lender
must disclose the Annual Percentage Rate (APR) of a loan to you. The APR shows
the cost of a mortgage loan by expressing it in terms of a yearly interest
rate. It is generally higher than the interest rate because it also includes
the cost of points, mortgage insurance, and other fees included in the loan.
- WHAT HAPPENS IF INTEREST RATES DECREASE AND I HAVE A FIXED RATE
LOAN?
If
interest rates drop significantly, you may want to consider refinancing. Most
experts agree that if you plan to be in your house for at least 18 months and
you can get a rate 2% less than your current one, refinancing is smart.
Refinancing may, however, involve paying many of the same fees paid at the
original closing, plus origination and application fees.
- WHAT ARE DISCOUNT POINTS?
Discount
points allow you to lower your interest rate. They are essentially prepaid
interest, with each point equaling 1% of the total loan amount. Generally, for
each point paid on a 30-year mortgage, the interest rate is reduced by 1/8
(or.125) of a percentage point. When shopping for loans, ask lenders for an
interest rate with 0 points and then see how much the rate decreases with each
point paid. Discount points are smart if you plan to stay in a home for some
time since they can lower the monthly loan payment. Points are tax deductible
when you purchase a home.
- WHAT IS AN ESCROW ACCOUNT? DO I NEED ONE?
Established
by your lender, an escrow account is a place to set aside a portion of your
monthly mortgage payment to cover annual charges for homeowner's insurance,
mortgage insurance (if applicable), and property taxes. Escrow accounts are a
good idea because they assure money will be available for these payments. If
you use an escrow account to pay property tax or homeowner's insurance, make
sure you are not penalized for late payments since it is the lender's
responsibility to make those payments on time.
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Finding The Right Loan
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- HOW DO I CHOOSE THE BEST LOAN PROGRAM FOR ME?
Your
personal situation will determine the best kind of loan for you. By asking
yourself a few questions, you can help narrow your search among the many
options available and discover which loan suits you best.
-
Do
you expect your finances to change over the next few years?
- Are
you planning to live in this home for a long period of time?
- Are
you comfortable with the idea of a changing mortgage payment amount?
- Do
you wish to be free of mortgage debt as your children approach college age or
as you prepare for retirement?
Your
lender can help you use your answers to questions such as these to decide which
loan best fits your needs.
- ARE THERE ANY COSTS OR FEES ASSOCIATED WITH THE LOAN ORIGINATION
PROCESS?
Possibly. Depending on the lender,
when you turn in your application, you might be required
to pay a loan application fee to cover the costs of
underwriting the loan. This fee pays for the home appraisal,
a copy of your credit report, and any additional charges
that may be necessary. The application fee is generally
non-refundable, but you are given credit on the settlement
statement for any fees paid. However, if you finance
your Southern Home through our in-house mortgage company,
Southern Advantage Mortgage, you will not be required
to pay an up-front application fee.
- WHAT IS RESPA?
RESPA
stands for Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act. It requires lenders to
disclose information to potential customers throughout the mortgage process. By
doing so, it protects borrowers from abuses by lending institutions. RESPA
mandates that lenders fully inform borrowers about all closing costs, lender
servicing and escrow account practices, and business relationships between
closing service providers and other parties to the transaction.
- WHAT IS A GOOD FAITH ESTIMATE, AND HOW DOES IT HELP ME?
It's
an estimate that lists all fees paid before closing, all closing costs, and any
escrow costs you will encounter when purchasing a home. The lender must supply
it within three days of your application so that you can make accurate
judgments when shopping for a loan.
Keep in mind that it is only an estimate.
- WHAT RESPONSIBILITIES DO I HAVE DURING THE LENDING PROCESS?
To
ensure that the loan process is a smooth one, be sure to follow all of these
steps as you apply for a loan:
-
Be
sure to read and understand everything before you sign.
- Do
not buy property for someone else.
- Do
not overstate your income.
- Do
not overstate how long you have been employed.
- Do
not overstate your assets.
- Accurately
report your debts.
- Do
not change your income tax returns for any reason. Tell the whole truth about
gifts.
- Do
not list fake co-borrowers on your loan application.
- Be
truthful about your credit problems, past and present.
- Be
honest about your intention to occupy the house.
- Do
not provide false supporting documents.
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How Can HUD and the FHA Help Me Become a Homeowner?
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- WHAT IS THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT?
Also
known as HUD, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development was
established in 1965 to develop national policies and programs to address
housing needs in the U.S. One of HUD's primary missions is to create a suitable
living environment for all Americans by developing and improving the country's
communities and enforcing fair housing laws.
- HOW DOES HUD HELP HOMEBUYERS AND HOMEOWNERS?
HUD
helps people by administering a variety of programs that develop and support
affordable housing. Specifically, HUD plays a large role in homeownership by
making loans available for lower- and moderate-income families through its FHA
mortgage insurance program and its HUD Homes program. HUD also seeks to protect consumers through education, Fair
Housing Laws, and housing rehabilitation initiatives.
- WHAT IS THE FHA?
Now
an agency within HUD, the Federal Housing Administration was established in
1934 to advance opportunities for Americans to own homes. By providing private
lenders with mortgage insurance, the FHA gives them the security they need to
lend to first-time buyers who might not be able to qualify for conventional
loans. The FHA has helped more than 26 million Americans buy a home.
- HOW CAN THE FHA ASSIST ME IN BUYING A HOME?
The
FHA works to make homeownership a possibility for more Americans. With the FHA,
you don't need perfect credit or a high-paying job to qualify for a loan. The
FHA also makes loans more accessible by requiring smaller down payments than
conventional loans. In fact, an FHA down payment could be as little as a few
months rent. And your monthly payments may not be much more than rent.
- WHO CAN QUALIFY FOR FHA LOANS?
Anyone
who meets the credit requirements can afford the mortgage payments and cash
investment, and who plans to use the mortgaged property as a primary residence
may apply for an FHA-insured loan.
- WHAT IS THE FHA LOAN LIMIT?
FHA
loan limits vary throughout the country, from $115,200 in low-cost areas to
$208,800 in high-cost areas. The loan maximums for multi-unit homes are higher
than those for single units and also vary by area. Because these maximums are linked to the conforming loan limit
and average area home prices, FHA loan limits are periodically subject to
change. Ask your lender for details and confirmation of current limits.
- WHAT ARE THE STEPS INVOLVED IN THE FHA LOAN PROCESS?
With
the exception of a few additional forms, the FHA loan application process is
similar to that of a conventional loan (see Question 37). With new automation
measures, FHA loans may be originated more quickly than before. And, if you don't
prefer a face-to-face meeting, you can apply for an FHA loan via mail,
telephone, the Internet, or videoconference.
- HOW MUCH INCOME DO I NEED TO HAVE TO QUALIFY FOR AN FHA LOAN?
There
is no minimum income requirement. But you must prove steady income for at least
three years, and demonstrate that you've consistently paid your bills on time.
- WHAT QUALIFIES AS AN INCOME SOURCE FOR THE FHA?
Seasonal
pay, child support, retirement pension payments, unemployment compensation, VA
benefits, military pay, Social Security income, alimony, and rent paid by
family all qualify as income sources. Part-time pay, overtime, and bonus pay
also count as long as they are steady. Special savings plans, such as those set
up by a church or community association, qualify too. Income type is not as
important as income steadiness with the FHA.
- CAN I CARRY DEBT AND STILL QUALIFY FOR FHA LOANS?
Yes.
Short-term debt doesn't count as long as it can be paid off within 10 months.
And some regular expenses, like childcare costs, are not considered debt. Talk
to your lender or real estate agent about meeting the FHA debt-to-income ratio.
- WHAT IS THE DEBT-TO-INCOME RATIO FOR FHA LOANS?
The
FHA allows you to use 29% of your income towards housing costs and 41% towards
housing expenses and other long-term debt. With a conventional loan, this
qualifying ratio allows only 28% toward housing costs and 36% towards housing
expenses and other debt.
- CAN I EXCEED THIS RATIO?
You
may qualify to exceed if you have:
-
a
large down payment
- a
demonstrated ability to pay more toward your housing expenses
- substantial
cash reserves
- net
worth enough to repay the mortgage regardless of income
- evidence
of acceptable credit history or limited credit use
- less-than-maximum
mortgage terms
- funds
provided by an organization
- a
decrease in monthly housing expenses
- HOW LARGE A DOWN PAYMENT DO I NEED WITH AN FHA LOAN?
You
must have a down payment of at least 3% of the purchase price of the home. Most
affordable loan programs offered by private lenders require between a 3%-5%
down payment, with a minimum of 3% coming directly from the borrower's own
funds.
- WHAT CAN I USE TO PAY THE DOWN PAYMENT AND CLOSING COSTS OF AN FHA
LOAN?
Besides
your own funds, you may use cash gifts or money from a private savings club.
- HOW DOES MY CREDIT HISTORY IMPACT MY ABILITY TO QUALIFY?
The
FHA is generally more flexible than conventional lenders in its qualifying
guidelines. In fact, the FHA allows you to re-establish credit if:
-
two
years have passed since a bankruptcy has been discharged and
all judgments have been paid
- any
outstanding tax liens have been satisfied or appropriate arrangements have been
made to establish a repayment plan with the IRS or state Department of Revenue
- three
years have passed since a foreclosure or a deed-in-lieu has been resolved
- CAN I QUALIFY FOR AN FHA
LOAN WITHOUT A CREDIT HISTORY?
Yes.
If you prefer to pay debts in cash or are too young to have established credit,
there are other ways to prove your eligibility. Talk to your lender for
details.
- WHAT TYPES OF CLOSING COSTS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH FHA-INSURED LOANS?
Except
for the addition of an FHA mortgage insurance premium, FHA closing costs are
similar to those of a conventional loan outlined in Question 52. The FHA
requires a single, up-front mortgage insurance premium equal to 2.25% of the
mortgage to be paid at closing (or 1.75% if you complete the HELP program- see
Question 77). This initial premium may be partially refunded if the loan is
paid in full during the first seven years of the loan term. After closing, you
will then be responsible for an annual premium - paid monthly - if your
mortgage is over 15 years or if you have a 15-year loan with an LTV greater
than 90%.
- CAN I ROLL CLOSING COSTS INTO MY FHA LOAN?
No.
Though you can't roll closing costs into your FHA loan, you may be able to use
the amount you pay for them to help satisfy the down payment requirement. Ask
your lender for details.
- ARE FHA LOANS ASSUMABLE?
Yes.
You can assume an existing FHA-insured loan, or, if you are the one deciding to
sell, allow a buyer to assume yours. Assuming a loan can be very beneficial,
since the process is stream- lined and less expensive compared to that for a
new loan. Also, assuming a loan can often result in a lower interest rate. The
application process consists basically of a credit check and no property
appraisal is required. And you must demonstrate that you have enough income to
support the mortgage loan. In this way, qualifying to assume a loan is similar
to the qualification requirements for a new one.
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Mortgage Insurance
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- WHAT IS MORTGAGE INSURANCE?
Mortgage
insurance is a policy that protects lenders against some or most of the losses
that result from defaults on home mortgages. It is required primarily for
borrowers making a down payment of less than 20%.
- HOW DOES MORTGAGE INSURANCE WORK? IS IT LIKE HOME OR AUTO
INSURANCE?
Like
home or auto insurance, mortgage insurance requires payment of a premium, is
for protection against loss, and is used in the event of an emergency. If a
borrower can't repay an insured mortgage loan as agreed, the lender may
foreclose on the property and file a claim with the mortgage insurer for some
or most of the total losses.
- DO I NEED MORTGAGE INSURANCE? HOW DO I GET IT?
You
need mortgage insurance only if you plan to make a down payment of less than
20% of the purchase price of the home. The FHA offers several loan programs
that may meet your needs. Ask your lender for details.
- HOW CAN I RECEIVE A DISCOUNT ON THE FHA INITIAL MORTGAGE INSURANCE
PREMIUM?
Ask
your Southern Homes sales associate or lender for information on the HELP
program from the FHA. HELP - Homebuyer Education Learning Program - is
structured to help people like you begin the home buying process. It covers such
topics as budgeting, finding a home, getting a loan, and home maintenance. In
most cases, completion of this program may entitle you to a reduction in the
initial FHA mortgage insurance premium from 2.25% to 1.75% of the purchase
price of your new home.
- WHAT IS PMI?
PMI
stands for Private Mortgage Insurance or Insurer. These are privately owned
companies that provide mortgage insurance. They offer both standard and special
affordable programs for borrowers. These companies provide guidelines to
lenders that detail the types of loans they will insure. Lenders use these
guidelines to determine borrower eligibility. PMI's usually have stricter
qualifying ratios and larger down payment requirements than the FHA, but their
premiums are often lower and they insure loans that exceed the FHA limit.
- HOW CAN I OBTAIN AN FHA-INSURED LOAN?
It
is easy. Simply contact one of our
preferred lenders. A Southern Homes
sales associate can provide you with a list of these lenders, as well as a
quick pre-qualification form.
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